New data shows a decline in spousal visa approvals in Germany, with language proficiency emerging as a key barrier for many applicants.

Germany issued fewer spousal visas in 2024 than in the previous year, with language proficiency requirements posing a significant challenge for applicants. According to data from the German Foreign Office, approximately 72,500 spousal visas were granted in 2024—a 6.1% decrease compared to 77,200 visas issued in 2023.

As reported by News, while German authorities have not officially stated the reason for the drop, immigration experts and data suggest that the decline is largely due to candidates failing to meet the mandatory A1 level in the German language, which is a core requirement for spousal reunification visas.

Language Barrier: A Major Hurdle for Spousal Visa Applicants

Spouses of residents in Germany are required to demonstrate basic knowledge of the German language before entering the country. This requirement aims to support integration and ensure that incoming family members can effectively participate in German society. However, recent statistics show a concerning trend in language test performance.

• In 2024, only 62% of spousal visa candidates passed the A1 language requirement.

• In contrast, the pass rate was 65% in 2023, reflecting a gradual decline in success rates.

These figures, shared by InfoMigrants, highlight how language testing remains one of the primary challenges for applicants hoping to join their partners in Germany. The increasing failure rate suggests that more applicants are struggling to meet the linguistic expectations set by German immigration policy.

Language Requirement Sparks Legal and Political Debate

While the German government defends the language requirement as essential for integration, the policy has not been without controversy. The left-wing political party Die Linke has publicly criticized the rule, arguing that it may contravene European Union law by imposing unequal barriers depending on the applicant’s background.

Die Linke’s concerns focus on inconsistencies in how the requirement is applied. For instance, spouses of skilled workers are allowed to enter Germany first and learn the language afterward, whereas other applicants must demonstrate proficiency before arrival. This discrepancy, the party claims, may constitute discriminatory treatment under EU freedom of movement principles.

Top Nationalities Applying for Spousal Visas

According to official data, nationals from several countries consistently lead in the number of spousal visa applications to Germany. These include:

• Türkiye

• India

• Kosovo

• Russia

• Iran

These countries have large diasporas in Germany, and many citizens seek to reunite with spouses or partners already residing in the country.

Spousal Visa Requirements: What Applicants Must Know

The application for a spousal visa is generally submitted by the partner who is already residing in Germany. To successfully bring a spouse into the country, several key conditions must be met:

1. Legal Residency: The sponsoring partner in Germany must hold a valid residence permit.

2. Financial Stability: Proof of stable income is required to ensure that the spouse will not rely on social welfare.

3. Accommodation: There must be sufficient living space to house both partners.

4. Age Requirement: The incoming spouse must be over 18 years of age.

5. Language Proficiency: The incoming spouse must pass an A1-level German language test, unless exempt under specific conditions.

These requirements are designed to ensure that family reunification occurs under stable and integrative circumstances, though critics argue that some rules—particularly language proficiency—can create undue burdens, especially for those from less privileged educational backgrounds.

Conclusion: Striking a Balance Between Integration and Accessibility

Germany’s reduction in spousal visa approvals in 2024 reflects the country’s commitment to structured and responsible immigration, but also points to the challenges many face in meeting pre-entry conditions—especially language proficiency.

As the debate continues around the fairness and legality of the A1 language requirement, especially in comparison to exemptions for certain groups, policymakers are likely to face increased pressure to review and harmonize visa regulations.

For now, prospective applicants are advised to prepare thoroughly, especially in regard to language training, to enhance their chances of successful visa approval.